| Appendix A: Abbreviations |
A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P R S T U V W Y Z

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ABEDA | Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa
ACC | Arab Cooperation Council
ACCT | Agency for the French-Speaking Community
ACP Group | African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States
AfDB | African Development Bank
AFESD | Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development
Air Pollution | Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution
Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides | Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or Their Transboundary Fluxes
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants | Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Persistent Organic Pollutants
Air Pollution-Sulphur 85 | Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or Their Transboundary Fluxes by at Least 30%
Air Pollution-Sulphur 94 | Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions
Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds | Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds or Their Transboundary Fluxes
AL | Arab League
AMF | Arab Monetary Fund
AMU | Arab Maghreb Union
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol | Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty
ANZUS | Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty
APEC | Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
Arabsat | Arab Satellite Communications Organization
ARF | ASEAN Regional Forum
AsDB | Asian Development Bank
ASEAN | Association of Southeast Asian Nations
Autodin | Automatic Digital Network
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Benelux | Benelux Economic Union
Biodiversity | Convention on Biological Diversity
BIS | Bank for International Settlements
BSEC | Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone
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C | Commonwealth
CACM | Central American Common Market
CAEU | Council of Arab Economic Unity
CAN | Andean Community of Nations
Caricom | Caribbean Community and Common Market
CB | citizen’s band mobile radio communications
CBSS | Council of the Baltic Sea States
CCC | Customs Cooperation Council
CDB | Caribbean Development Bank
CE | Council of Europe
CEI | Central European Initiative
CEMA | Council for Mutual Economic Assistance; also known as CMEA or Comecon
CEMAC | Monetary and Economic Community of Central Africa
CEPGL | Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries
CERN | European Organization for Nuclear Research
c.i.f. | cost, insurance, and freight
CIS | Commonwealth of Independent States
CITES | see Endangered Species
Climate Change | United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol | Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
COCOM | Coordinating Committee on Export Controls
Comsat | Communications Satellite Corporation
CP | Colombo Plan
CY | calendar year
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DC | developed country
Desertification | United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa
DSN | Defense Switched Network
DWT | deadweight ton
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EADB | East African Development Bank
EAPC | Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council
EBRD | European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
EC | European Community
ECA | Economic Commission for Africa
ECE | Economic Commission for Europe
ECLAC | Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
ECO | Economic Cooperation Organization
ECOSOC | Economic and Social Council
ECOWAS | Economic Community of West African States
ECS | European Coal and Steel Community
EEC | European Economic Community
EFTA | European Free Trade Association
EIB | European Investment Bank
EMU | European Monetary Union
Endangered Species | Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES)
Entente | Council of the Entente
Environmental Modification | Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques
ESA | European Space Agency
ESCAP | Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
ESCWA | Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia
est. | estimate
EU | European Union
Euratom | European Atomic Energy Community
Eutelsat | European Telecommunications Satellite Organization
Ex-Im | Export-Import Bank of the United States
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FAO | Food and Agriculture Organization
FAX | facsimile
f.o.b. | free on board
FLS | Front Line States
FRG | Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91
FSU | former Soviet Union
FY | fiscal year
FYROM | The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
FZ | Franc Zone
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G-2 | Group of 2
G-3 | Group of 3
G-5 | Group of 5
G-6 | Group of 6
G-7 | Group of 7
G-8 | Group of 8
G-9 | Group of 9
G-10 | Group of 10
G-11 | Group of 11
G-15 | Group of 15
G-19 | Group of 19
G-24 | Group of 24
G-30 | Group of 30
G-33 | Group of 33
G-77 | Group of 77
GATT | General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; now WTrO
GCC | Gulf Cooperation Council
GDP | gross domestic product
GDR | German Democratic Republic (East Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91
GNP | gross national product
GRT | gross register ton
GWP | gross world product
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Habitat | United Nations Center for Human Settlements
Hazardous Wastes | Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
HF | high-frequency
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IADB | Inter-American Development Bank
IAEA | International Atomic Energy Agency
IBEC | International Bank for Economic Cooperation
IBRD | International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank)
ICAO | International Civil Aviation Organization
ICC | International Chamber of Commerce
ICJ | International Court of Justice (World Court)
ICRC | International Committee of the Red Cross
ICRM | International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
ICTR | International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
ICTY | International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
IDA | International Development Association
IDB | Islamic Development Bank
IEA | International Energy Agency
IFAD | International Fund for Agricultural Development
IFC | International Finance Corporation
IFCTU | International Federation of Christian Trade Unions
IFRCS | International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
IGAD | Inter-Governmental Authority on Development
IGADD | Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development
IHO | International Hydrographic Organization
IIB | International Investment Bank
ILO | International Labor Organization
IMF | International Monetary Fund
IMO | International Maritime Organization
Inmarsat | International Mobile Satellite Organization
InOC | Indian Ocean Commission
INSTRAW | International Research and Training Institute for the Advancement of Women
Intelsat | International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
Interpol | International Criminal Police Organization
Intersputnik | International Organization of Space Communications
IOC | International Olympic Committee
IOM | International Organization for Migration
ISO | International Organization for Standardization
ITU | International Telecommunication Union
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kHz | kilohertz
km | kilometer
kW | kilowatt
kWh | kilowatt-hour
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LAES | Latin American Economic System
LAIA | Latin American Integration Association
Law of the Sea | United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS)
LDC | less developed country
LLDC | least developed country
London Convention | see Marine Dumping
LOS | see Law of the Sea
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m | meter
Marecs | Maritime European Communications Satellite
Marine Dumping | Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter
Marine Life Conservation | Convention on Fishing and Conservation of Living Resources of the High Seas
MARPOL | see Ship Pollution
Medarabtel | Middle East Telecommunications Project of the International Telecommunications Union
Mercosur | Southern Cone Common Market
MHz | megahertz
MINURSO | United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara
MONUC | United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
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NA | not available
NAM | Nonaligned Movement
NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NC | Nordic Council
NEA | Nuclear Energy Agency
NEGL | negligible
NIB | Nordic Investment Bank
NIC | newly industrializing country
NIE | newly industrializing economy
NIS | new independent states
NM | nautical mile
NMT | Nordic Mobile Telephone
NSG | Nuclear Suppliers Group
Nuclear Test Ban | Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water
NZ | New Zealand
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OAPEC | Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries
OAS | Organization of American States
OAU | Organization of African Unity
ODA | official development assistance
OECD | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
OECS | Organization of Eastern Caribbean States
OIC | Organization of the Islamic Conference
OOF | other official flows
OPCW | Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
OPEC | Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
OSCE | Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe
Ozone Layer Protection | Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer
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PCA | Permanent Court of Arbitration
PDRY | People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen]; used for information dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91
PFP | Partnership for Peace
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Ramsar | see Wetlands
RG | Rio Group
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SAARC | South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
SACU | Southern African Customs Union
SADC | Southern African Development Community
SFRY | Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
SHF | super-high-frequency
Ship Pollution | Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL)
Sparteca | South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement
SPC | South Pacific Commission
SPF | South Pacific Forum
sq km | square kilometer
sq mi | square mile
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TAT | Trans-Atlantic Telephone
Tropical Timber 83 | International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983
Tropical Timber 94 | International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994
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UAE | United Arab Emirates
UHF | ultra-high-frequency
UK | United Kingdom
UN | United Nations
UNAMIR | United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda
UNAMSIL | United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone
UNAVEM III | United Nations Angola Verification Mission III
UNCRO | United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia
UNCTAD | United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNDCP | United Nations Drug Control Program
UNDOF | United Nations Disengagement Observer Force
UNDP | United Nations Development Program
UNEP | United Nations Environment Program
UNESCO | United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
UNFICYP | United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus
UNHCR | United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
UNHCRHR | United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
UNICEF | United Nations Children's Fund
UNICRI | United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute
UNIDIR | United Nations Disarmament Research
UNIDO | United Nations Industrial Development Organization
UNIFIL | United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
UNIKOM | United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission
UNITAR | United Nations Institute for Training and Research
UNMEE | United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea
UNMIBH | United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina
UNMIK | United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo
UNMOGIP | United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan
UNMOP | United Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka
UNMOT | United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan
UNMOVIC | United Nations Monitoring and Verification Commission
UNOMIG | United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia
UNOMSIL | United Nations Mission of Observers in Sierra Leone
UNRISD | United Nations Research Institute for Social Development
UNRWA | United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East
UNSMIH | United Nations Support Mission in Haiti
UNTAET | United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor
UNTSO | United Nations Truce Supervision Organization
UNU | United Nations University
UPU | Universal Postal Union
US | United States
USSR | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union); used for information dated before 25 December 1991
USSR/EE | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics/Eastern Europe
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VHF | very-high-frequency
VSAT | very small aperture terminal
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WADB | West African Development Bank
WAEMU | West African Economic and Monetary Union
WCL | World Confederation of Labor
Wetlands | Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As Waterfowl Habitat
WEU | Western European Union
WFC | World Food Council
WFP | World Food Program
WFTU | World Federation of Trade Unions
Whaling | International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
WHO | World Health Organization
WIPO | World Intellectual Property Organization
WMO | World Meteorological Organization
WP | Warsaw Pact
WTO | see WToO for World Tourism Organization or WTrO for World Trade Organization
WToO | World Tourism Organization
WTrO | World Trade Organization
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YAR | Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen]; used for information dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91
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ZC | Zangger Committee